Soap

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Processes

There are two processes as far as I can tell

  • (naoh+water) + oil -> mold @ 100F - 110F
  • (naoh+water) + oil, stir, then add salt -> hard stuf comes to the top (gycern in the bottom bit with the water). The hard stuff is the bar of soap.

I need to flesh this out a bit more. It looks like you get bars in the first process, but where does the gycerin go?

And to make gycerin soap you need to make soap to make the gycerin so huh?

Equipment

  • 2 Old pots - 2$
  • Digital Thermometer - 12$
  • Digital Scale - 28$
  • plastic containers - free - used containers from other stuff , yogurt, wood putty
  • Goggles , Safety Glasses, Apron
  • hand mixer, eg braun hand mixer . I tried to do this by hand and the mix was unreliable. We'll see how the hand mixer goes.

Consumed

  • olive oil - 3 litre - 11$ - grocery store
  • lye ( sodium hydroxide - NaOH ) - 3kg - 22$ - hardware store

Oils

hard soft butter all types, why do I want one over another?

  • Olive oil
  • Coconut oil
  • Palm oil

Scents

  • patchouli
  • ginger root
  • vetiver essential oil - no clue what this is , yet.
  • citrus
    • lemon lime orange grapefruit madarine tangerine - extraction? zest? rind? oils?
  • dried fruit?
    • apricot cranberry raisins figs
  • honey
  • oats
  • bacon
  • Herbs
    • lavender, sage, thyme, rosemary, basil , mint ,
  • avacado
  • chillies
  • vanilla
  • trees
    • juniper and fir pine
  • cinnamon
  • anise


Resources

Abrasives

  • salt
  • sugar
  • walnut shells
  • corn meal
  • ground luffa

Unit notes

  • 1 ounce = 28.3495231 grams
  • convert KOH Sap value to NaOH Spa values by dividing by 1.403 ( it's the ratio of the molecular weights , see note below )

my Recipes

Not stuff I created ,but stuff I have done or will do.

Used http://www.soapcalc.net/calc/SoapCalcWP.asp for calculations

Roughly

fat + base ( NaOh or KOH ) = Fatty Acids + Glycerol i.e. soap

100% olive oil take 1

ingredients:

Ingredient Grams
Water 190
Lye - NaOH 66.381
Olive Oil 500


Total oil weight500
Water as percent of oil weight38 %
Super Fat/Discount2 %
Lye Concentration25.892 %
Water : Lye Ratio2.862:1


Sat : Unsat Ratio17 : 83
Iodine 85
INS 105
Fragrance Ratio0
Fragrance Weight 0 Gm


Ingredient Pounds Ounces Grams
Water0.419 6.702190
Lye - NaOH 0.1462.342 66.381
# √ Oil/Fat % Pounds Ounces Grams
1 Olive Oil 100 1.102 17.637 500
    Totals 100 1.102 17.637 500
Soap Bar Quality Suggested Range Your Recipe
Hardness 29 - 54 17
Cleansing 12 - 22 0
Conditioning 44 - 69 82
Bubbly 14 - 46 0
Creamy 16 - 48 17
Iodine 41 - 70 85
INS 136 - 165 105


Lauric 0
Myristic 0
Palmitic 14
Stearic 3
Ricinoleic 0
Oleic 69
Linoleic 12
Linolenic 1

So I was unable to disolve al lthe lye , so added more water until I could get all the lye dissolved. Now I have a spongy caustic soap. Next step: create troubleshooting section , see below.

Lessons Learned / Gotchas

  • Do NOT use aluminium pots for the work. Lye reacts with aluminium.

Resources

Handmade soap makers who aim for bar soap use NaOH (sodium hydroxide). Because saponification values are listed in KOH (potassium hydroxide) the value must be converted from potassium to sodium to make bar soap; potassium soaps make a paste, gel or liquid soap. To convert KOH values to NaOH values, divide the KOH values by the ratio of the molecular weights of KOH and NaOH (1.403).

Troubleshooting

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