Soap
From Federal Burro of Information
Processes
There are two processes as far as I can tell
- (naoh+water) + oil -> mold @ 100F - 110F
- (naoh+water) + oil, stir, then add salt -> hard stuf comes to the top (gycern in the bottom bit with the water). The hard stuff is the bar of soap.
I need to flesh this out a bit more. It looks like you get bars in the first process, but where does the gycerin go?
And to make gycerin soap you need to make soap to make the gycerin so huh?
Equipment
- 2 Old pots - 2$
- Digital Thermometer - 12$
- Digital Scale - 28$
- plastic containers - free - used containers from other stuff , yogurt, wood putty
- Goggles , Safety Glasses, Apron
Consumed
- olive oil - 3 litre - 11$ - grocery store
- lye ( sodium hydroxide - NaOH ) - 3kg - 22$ - hardware store
Oils
hard soft butter all types, why do I want one over another?
- Olive oil
- Coconut oil
- Palm oil
Scents
- patchouli
- ginger root
- vetiver essential oil - no clue what this is , yet.
- citrus
- lemon lime orange grapefruit madarine tangerine - extraction? zest? rind? oils?
- dried fruit?
- apricot cranberry raisins figs
- honey
- oats
- bacon
- Herbs
- lavender, sage, thyme, rosemary, basil , mint ,
- avacado
- chillies
- vanilla
- trees
- juniper and fir pine
- cinnamon
- anise
Resources
Abrasives
- salt
- sugar
- walnut shells
- corn meal
- ground luffa
Unit notes
- 1 ounce = 28.3495231 grams
- convert KOH Sap value to NaOH Spa values by dividing by 1.403 ( it's the ratio of the molecular weights , see note below )
my Recipes
Not stuff I created ,but stuff I have done or will do.
Used http://www.soapcalc.net/calc/SoapCalcWP.asp for calculations
Roughly
fat + base ( NaOh or KOH ) = Fatty Acids + Glycerol i.e. soap
100% olive oil take 1
ingredients:
| Ingredient | Grams |
| Water | 190 |
| Lye - NaOH | 66.381 |
| Olive Oil | 500 |
| Total oil weight | 500 |
| Water as percent of oil weight | 38 % |
| Super Fat/Discount | 2 % |
| Lye Concentration | 25.892 % |
| Water : Lye Ratio | 2.862:1 |
| Sat : Unsat Ratio | 17 : 83 |
| Iodine | 85 |
| INS | 105 |
| Fragrance Ratio | 0 |
| Fragrance Weight | 0 Gm |
| Ingredient | Pounds | Ounces | Grams |
| Water | 0.419 | 6.702 | 190 |
| Lye - NaOH | 0.146 | 2.342 | 66.381 |
| # | √ | Oil/Fat | % | Pounds | Ounces | Grams |
| 1 | Olive Oil | 100 | 1.102 | 17.637 | 500 | |
| Totals | 100 | 1.102 | 17.637 | 500 |
| Soap Bar Quality | Suggested Range | Your Recipe |
| Hardness | 29 - 54 | 17 |
| Cleansing | 12 - 22 | 0 |
| Conditioning | 44 - 69 | 82 |
| Bubbly | 14 - 46 | 0 |
| Creamy | 16 - 48 | 17 |
| Iodine | 41 - 70 | 85 |
| INS | 136 - 165 | 105 |
| Lauric | 0 |
| Myristic | 0 |
| Palmitic | 14 |
| Stearic | 3 |
| Ricinoleic | 0 |
| Oleic | 69 |
| Linoleic | 12 |
| Linolenic | 1 |
Lessons Learned / Gotchas
- Do NOT use aluminium pots for the work. Lye reacts with aluminium.
Resources
- http://www.susanparks.com/soapworks/soapworks.htm
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerol
- NaCl - Salt
- NaOH
- KOH
- The Soap Making Forums
- Grams of lye for Grams of fat X
- Thread about making NaOH http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=5673
- A great Piece on "Sap Values" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponification_values
- Handmade soap makers who aim for bar soap use NaOH (sodium hydroxide). Because saponification values are listed in KOH (potassium hydroxide) the value must be converted from potassium to sodium to make bar soap; potassium soaps make a paste, gel or liquid soap. To convert KOH values to NaOH values, divide the KOH values by the ratio of the molecular weights of KOH and NaOH (1.403).
